Effect of Ocimum americanum Water Leaf Extract on Antioxidant System in Rat
Keywords:
Antioxidative properties, DPPH, γ-GCL, Liver histology, Ocimum americanumAbstract
Introduction: O. americanum has been reported to possess various medicinal properties. No study has been conducted in the antioxidant properties of O. americanum from the Thailand region.
Objectives: The objective of this study was to examine the antioxidant and cytoprotective aspects of the herb O. americanum.
Methods: Aqueous leaf extract of O. americanum was screened for phytochemical contents. Antioxidant properties were determined by the DPPH method. The rats were fed aqueous leaf extract for 28 days. Blood was drawn and collected to estimate the levels of BUN, Creatinine, AST, ALT, and ALP. After that, the rats were sacrificed. Their liver tissues were collected and processed for histological study. Western blot analysis was performed to determine the expression of γ-GCL.
Results: Phytochemical contents of O. americanum are phenolic compounds, alkaloids, cardiac glycosides, tannin, and steroids. The phenolic content was 41.27 ± 1.86 mg/gram of gallic acid equivalents. DPPH assay of the free radical scavenging activity determined that IC50 was 36.91 ± 0.66 µg/ml (compared to BHT = 12.34 ± 1.14 µg/ml). Throughout the 28 days of the experiment, the rats did not seem to be adversely affected by the extract considering their . They were found to have normal ranges of serum AST, ALT, ALP, BUN, and creatinine. The histology of their liver tissue was normal. The protein expression of GCL, which is a key enzyme in GSH biosynthesis, was found to have increased significantly compared with normal control.
Conclusions: The study found that Ocimum americanum extract does have antioxidative properties and can induce cytoprotective properties in vivo.
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