Exploring Antioxidant and Anti-diabetic Activities, and Chemical Contents of Extracts from Thai Traditional Medicine (Pra-Sa-Ka-Phrao Remedies) and Its Plant Ingredients

Authors

  • Theeraphong Ninlaor Department of Applied Thai Traditional Medicine and The Center of Excellence in Applied Thai Traditional Medicine Research (CEATMR) , Faculty of Medicine, Thammasat University, Pathum Thani, Thailand
  • Arunporn Itharat Department of Applied Thai Traditional Medicine and Center of Excellence in Applied Thai Traditional Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Thammasat University
  • Srisopa Ruangnoo Department of Applied Thai Traditional Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Thammasat University, Pathum Thani, Thailand
  • Chadchom Choockong Center of Excellence on Thai Traditional Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Thammasat University, Klongluang, Pathumthani, Thailand
  • Suchada Naknarin Center of Excellence in Applied Thai Traditional Medicine Research (CEATMR), Faculty of Medicine, Thammasat University, Pathum Thani, Thailand
  • Neal M. Davies Faculty of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada

Keywords:

Pra-Sa-Ka-Phrao remedy, Antioxidant activity, Anti-diabetic activity, Chemical content, Thai traditional medicine

Abstract

Introduction: Pra-Sa-Ka-Phrao complete (PSKPC) remedy is a Thai traditional medicine published in the Thailand National List of Essential Medicines (NLEM). In this research, we have developed a modified version of the remedy, named as Pra-Sa-Ka-Phrao incomplete (PSKPIC), following the FDA Thailand’s guidelines for using it as a food supplement. Notably, there is a lack of studies concerning biological activities and chemical constituents of both remedies.
Objectives: This study aimed to investigate and compare the antioxidant and anti-diabetic activities, and chemical contents derived from both remedies and its plant ingredient extracts.
Methods: Extraction was performed by maceration in 95% ethanol and decoction. The antioxidant activity was investigated using a DPPH, ABTS, FRAP, and TBARS assays, while the anti-diabetic (α-amylase, α-glucosidase inhibitory activities) were also evaluated, along with the determination of total phenolic (TPC) and total flavonoid (TFC) contents.
Results: The ethanolic extract of Zingiber officinale (ZOE) and water extract of Ocimum sanctum (OSW) exhibited the highest antioxidant activity, TPC, and TFC contents. The antioxidant results revealed that the PSKPIC water extract (PSKPICW) showed greater potency than PSKPC water extract in all assays. Additionally, the PSKPICW demonstrated higher TPC and TFC levels compared to the PSKPC remedy. Glycyrrhiza glabra (GGE) presented the strongest α-glucosidase inhibitory activity. However, all remedy extracts did not significantly affect anti-diabetic activity.
Conclusions: These results show the efficacy of the PSKPICW remedy, used as food ingredients or food supplements extract, and selected active extracts, such as ZOE and OSW, which supports their use in antioxidant products.

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Author Biographies

Theeraphong Ninlaor, Department of Applied Thai Traditional Medicine and The Center of Excellence in Applied Thai Traditional Medicine Research (CEATMR) , Faculty of Medicine, Thammasat University, Pathum Thani, Thailand

He is Ph.D student 

Srisopa Ruangnoo, Department of Applied Thai Traditional Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Thammasat University, Pathum Thani, Thailand

She Teached Theerapong to do assay

Chadchom Choockong, Center of Excellence on Thai Traditional Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Thammasat University, Klongluang, Pathumthani, Thailand

She is Ph.D student in our COE

Neal M. Davies, Faculty of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada

He got Bualuang 's Sholarship from Thammasat University and Proof the article 

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Published

2024-04-30

How to Cite

[1]
Ninlaor, T. , Itharat, A., Ruangnoo, S., Choockong, C. , Naknarin, S. and Davies, N.M. 2024. Exploring Antioxidant and Anti-diabetic Activities, and Chemical Contents of Extracts from Thai Traditional Medicine (Pra-Sa-Ka-Phrao Remedies) and Its Plant Ingredients. Asian Medical Journal and Alternative Medicine. 24, 1 (Apr. 2024), 19–29.

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